in the copper mines in Virgin Gorda, an island near
Tortola. These mines have been discovered some time,
but, owing to a want of capital, they have not been
worked. The requisite capital has now been found, and
the mines are working very successfully. The ore from
them is very beautiful.

Advices have been received from the Cape of Good
Hope to the 1st of April. The military operations
against the Caffres were vigorously prosecuted. Sir H.
Smith, placing himself personally at the head of his
troops, had at last driven Macomo out of the Water-
Kloof, destroying his camp and capturing his chief wife;
and was advancing on him and Sandilli united, in their
last hold of the Amatolas. But our losses had been
severe. The Honourable H. Wriottesley, of the 43rd,
had lost his life; and Colonel Yarborough, Captain
Bramley, and Ensign Hibbert, all of the 91st regiment,
had been very severely wounded. Our loss in rank and
file, killed and wounded, had been heavy; and there
are credible statements that horrible tortures were
inflicted by the Caffres on the English prisoners they
took. Caffre-women, taken prisoners, have described
these cruelties. Mr. Hartung, the bandmaster of the
74th Highlanders, was cut into pieces with assegais
whilst living, being kept under torture for three days,
the process of which was that of cutting off his fingers
and toes inch by inch, at intervals, and when, at the
close of the third day, the wretched man asked for
food, a piece of his own flesh was cut from his body and
given him. A few hours afterwards death terminated
his sufferings. But this atrocity has been exceeded in
the case of Sergeant Lange, who fell alive into the
enemy's hands, and who was found at the end of three
days from his capture, expiring under the horrors of
crucifixion, being extended upon his back on the ground,
to which he was fixed by stakes of wood driven through
the palms of his hands, the ankles, and a fifth through
his body. Humanity forbids a further recital of such
barbarities.

All the accounts from Australia are engrossed with
the subject of the golden harvest daily becoming more
and more abundant. Among the many letters from the
different settlements, the following, received by a
respectable gentleman in the City, and published in
the "Times," may be taken as showing the state of
things in the Colony of Victoria. It is dated from the
Mount Alexander Diggings, Jan. 18:—

"The gold here is generally found in clay, clayey
gravel, and in interstices of slate, &c., at depths varying
from the surface to twenty-five feet. It is more generally
diffused on this ground than it ever was known in any
other part of the world; hence persevering and steady
parties are sure to do well. It is found in patches, or
'pockets,' as it is termed, and sometimes a party of, say
three or four, will obtain over fifty pound weight in a
day. Having a splendid pair of scales, I am in the
constant practice of weighing and subdividing gold for
parties, and have had as much as twenty pound or thirty
pound brought by one party at a time. Provisions, &c,
are at a high rate here—flour 5d. per lb.; ham and
butter, 2s. 6d. per lb.; oats, 18s. per bushel; slop boots,
24s. per pair; common pitchfork and shovel, 10s. each.
The cattle-owners now want men to look after their
sheep. The price of labour is most enormous, a man is
worth £1 per day. The gold discovery is ruining the
neighbouring colonies, Adelaide, Van Diemen's Land,
&c., which are fast becoming depopulated. At night,
the sight of the thousand fires around us is very pretty,
and the incessant firing of guns and pistols rather
astounding. Almost every man is armed, and I can
assure you the state of society requires it, for crime
in almost every shape and form is being perpetrated
almost daily. You may suppose a gold-field a most
original sight; at a distance it can only be compared to
an immense army, encamped in myriads of tents of all
shapes, sizes, and colours. From where I write are the
main diggings in the country; they extend for about
ten miles, and about three weeks since contained from
12,000 to 15,000 persons; besides, there are many other
places close at hand, and gold is still being found at
several new places throughout the colony. To give you
an idea of the business I am carrying on, I may tell you
I sent down twenty-six pound weight of gold, and about
£200 in necks, per last escort, the proceeds of one week."

PROGRESS OF EMIGRATION AND COLONISATION.

The number of Emigrants despatched from Liverpool
for the United States during the last month was 25,492,
the largest number that ever sailed in one month. The
greater proportion of the emigrants are German and
Irish, chiefly agricultural labourers.

The Emigration from Ireland goes on at an undiminished
rate. A Cork paper gives a list of emigrant ships
from Limerick, Tralee, Wexford, Galway, and Waterford,
which sailed for the United States in a single week,
carrying passengers to the number of 2360.

A series of papers relative to Emigration to the United
States and to the North American Colonies have been
printed by order of the House of Commons. It appears
by the report of Mr. Buchanan, chief agent of emigration
at Quebec, that emigration to the United States
continues to flow in a steady and uninterrupted stream,
and that the numbers from the United Kingdom and
the continent of Europe have exceeded, during the past
season, those of any previous year. The arrivals at the
port of New York up to the close of the year 1851 were
289,601, being an increase over 1850 of 76,805. Of the
whole number, considerably more than half (163,256)
were from Ireland, 30,742 from England and Wales, and
7502 from Scotland, making the total emigration from
the United Kingdom 201,300, as having landed at that
port alone during the year 1851. The whole emigration
to the United States in 1851 is estimated at not less
than 500,000 souls. The demand for labour of all sorts
continues to increase, and farm servants, male and
female, can find immediate employment. In the North
American colonies, the tide of emigration has not set in
so powerfully. In the year 1851, 41,076 emigrants
landed. Of these, 22,381 were from Ireland, 9677 from
England, 7042 from Scotland, 870 from the continent of
Europe, and 1106 from lower ports, &c. The number of
emigrant vessels which arrived was 375, and the actual
number of souls embarked was 41,298. Of these, 40,657
were steerage, and only 621 cabin passengers. The
emigrants were, generally, of a respectable class, and all
emigrated voluntarily, with the exception of 872, who
were sent out by landlords and parish-unions.

A numerous meeting of persons interested in the
Canterbury Settlement in New Zealand was held on the
5th inst., at the rooms of the Association, Adelphi
Terrace. Lord Lyttelton explained, that the project of
a bishopric of Christ Church, to be carved out of Bishop
Selwyn's episcopate, has made a new and practical
advance; and the Reverend John Philip Gell was
introduced as already approved of by the Archbishop of
Canterbury for consecration, as soon as certain technical
difficulties have been completely smoothed. Sir Thomas
Tancred stated that a new township, to be named
Gladstone, is to be formed.

The Earl of Derby received at his official residence
in Downing-street, on the 20th, a Deputation from the
Manufacturers of the West Riding of Yorkshire, on
the urgent necessity of immediately sending out an
adequate supply of labour to Australia. The Premier
was informed, that if the assistance required were not
sent out in June, it would be too late for the next
wool-clipping, and the colonists would be obliged to
boil down their sheep. Lord Derby replied, that the
question was very embarrassing; for the gold-field was
daily becoming more extensive and more productive,
and it was to be dreaded that the same temptations
which withdrew labour from colonial sheep-farming,
would even more attract that of new comers into the
colonies. The government would send emigrants out
at a rate which would land about 4800 in time for the
next clipping; but it would be impossible to get
shipping for such numbers as had been mentioned;
"and then it would not do to allow the sexes to go
unmatched." The matter, he said, engages the serious
attention of the government.