large force, accompanied by the 60th Rifles and four
guns, marched into the Waterkloof early in the morning
of the 24th July. When he came up with the Caffres,
he feigned a retreat after an exchange of shots, and thus
drew the black warriors under the deadly range of his
artillery and riflemen. One hundred Caffres are reported
to have fallen. Nevertheless, strong bodies of
Caffres and Hottentots still maintain themselves in the
fastnesses of the Waterkloof and the Amatolas. General
Cathcart had issued a circular addressed to the colonists,
and dated the 20th of July—a remarkable document.
He reproves the colonists for not giving him more
efficient assistance; warning them that "this must probably
be the last Caffre war carried on at the cost of
the British Government; "for" the expenses of another
war cannot again be expected to be drawn from British
pockets to support a cause "in which, except from motives
of sympathy and benevolence, it has no real interest."
General Cathcart further states, that the objects of the
Trans-Kei expedition are to test the willingness of the
colonists to help themselves; and to show the Caffres
that there is force enough in the colony to beat them.
If he is ill-supported, he has sufficient troops under him
to go on and vindicate the national honour; yet, until
he proves lukewarmness by experience, he refuses to
believe that the Burghers will not rally to his war-cry.
He concludes thus:—

"When I return from my expedition beyond the Kei, I must
make up my report to her Majesty's government, not only as
to the result of that expedition, but as to whether I have found
the people of this colony grateful for the support which has
been afforded them, and willing and able to exert themselves in
their own cause, and therefore deserving or the contrary, as the
case may be, and whether therefore I consider their cause worth
fighting for or not. In the latter event, I should probably be
ordered to withdraw my army; and my parting advice to the
colonists of the Eastern half of this colony, at least, could only
be—keep fewer sheep and oxen, and provide yourselves with
more shepherds and herdsmen; for wild men and wild beasts will
soon again recover their ancient sovereignty in the Fish River
and Zunrburg et ultra; and you will be unable to drive them
out, as your fathers did in the olden time."

This circular was followed up by another, from Lieutenant–
Governor Darling, on the 2nd of August, warmly
exhorting the colonists to send men, money, and provisions,
to join the expeditionary army. In the border
towns, efforts were made to raise respectable contingents;
and considerable items of money subscribed are reported.
But there is no evidence to show that either volunteers
or money were plentiful.

The accounts from Quebec mention the Meeting of
the Canadian Parliament and the speech of the Governor
General. His Excellency states that the country is in a
state of prosperity; and that it has rapidly advanced in
population and wealth; and that provincial securities
have risen in value. Some important reforms are promised,
and prominent among these are an increase of
the representation and a mode for registering votes. A
decimal system of currency is proposed, as well as the
establishment of agricultural bureaux. Reform of the
seignorial tenure is promised. To all of these proposed
reforms no serious exception has been taken on the part
of the opposition. With respect to the clergy reserves
there is a good deal of irritation existing on the part of
the reformers, in consequence of the decision of Sir
J. S. Pakington against the repeal of the Imperial
Clergy Reserve Act of 1810; while the conservatives,
on the other hand, are of course very glad at Sir John's
decision. The Imperial Act takes away from the
Canadian legislature the power to legislate upon the
clergy reserves, and this power the reformers now
demand. The Canadian ministry have expressed themselves
strongly upon this point, and some of them have
even gone to the length of declaring that they would
insist upon the right to legislate upon the reserves, even
although that should bring them into collision with
England.

The intelligence from Nova Scotia is important. The
alleged settlement of the Fishery question upon the
basis of reciprocity has given no satisfaction to the
people of the colony. Memorials to the Queen and
the Lieutenant-Governor have been drawn up, based
on resolutions agreed to at a public meeting held, at
Halifax on the 2nd September. The memorial to the
Lieutenant-Governor, after reciting the restrictive provisions
of the treaty of 1818, and pointing out the obvious
consequence that if the restrictions be removed it will
be impossible to prevent the Americans from using the
Colonial fishing-grounds as freely as the colonists
themselves, proceeds—

"They will be permitted to enter our bays and harbours
where, at all times, unless armed vessels are present in every
harbour, they will not only fish in common with our own fishermen,
but they will bring with them contraband goods to exchange
with the inhabitants for fish, to the great injury of
Colonial traders and loss to the public revenue. The fish
obtained by this illicit traffic will then be taken to the United
States, where they will be entered as the produce of the American
fisheries, while those exported from the Colonies in a legal
manner are subject to oppressive duties. We need not remind
your Excellency, that the equivalent said to have been
proposed—that of allowing our vessels to fish in the waters of the
United States—is utterly valueless and unworthy of a moment's
consideration. We would fain hope that the reports which have
appeared in the public press respecting the pending negotiations
between the two governments are without any good foundation.
We cannot imagine that her Majesty's government, after having
taken prompt and decided measures to enforce the true
construction of the treaty, will ever consent to such a modification
of its terms as will render our highly valued rights a mere
privilege to be enjoyed in common with foreigners."

The memorial to the Queen is couched in stronger
language, and partakes more of the character of a
remonstrance. They stigmatise the rumoured settlement
of the question, as being to them "a transfer alike
injurious and humiliating." They recite the claim to the
three-mile line upon the ground of international right,
and upon the explicit stipulations of the treaty. And
they ask—

"Shall nations be absolved from the obligation of their con-
tracts, and complaints lie respected when made by a people,
which between individuals would be treated as puerile?

"If conciliation, irrespective of right, be the principle on
which is to be withdrawn the restriction against the entry of
Americans into the bays and indentations of the coast to fish,
limiting them alone to the distance of three miles from the
shore, the concession of the privilege to fish within this latter
distance must equally be granted,—as, indeed, has been already
urged in the American Congress: the restriction in both cases
rests on the same authority; and the concession in each would
be demanded by the same principle. It may not be the province
of your Majesty's Colonial subjects to suggest how far such a
principle is consistent with national honour and independence;
they have a right to pray that it be not carried out at their
expense.

"When the welfare of the empire is supposed to demand extensive
alterations in the laws of trade and navigation, the peculiar
interests of the Colonies are not permitted to disturb the general
system by the continuance of conflicting regulations, however
necessary from long usage, and the competition of foreigners,
more powerful and more fostered by their own governments.
In the present case, the possession to be surrendered is no
offspring of artificial arrangements, falling with a complicated
policy of which it formed a part.

"No, may it please your Majesty, your loyal subjects in Nova
Scotia raise their voice against the injury of an inheritance
conferred upon your North American subjects by nature—connected
with their soil by the laws and usages of nations—confirmed to
them by solemn compact; and which, practically enjoyed by them
peculiarly, and as your other Majesty's subjects cannot enjoy
them, can be surrendered only at their extreme injury and
great loss.

"Surely, may it please your Majesty, your loyal Colonial
subjects have a right to ask for some better reason for this
sacrifice of their peculiar right and interest than the demand
of a foreign power—the aggrandisement of a foreign people."

They reject the "proffered boon" of the American
fisheries, as valueless to the colonists—as a boon they do
not want. They pray that they may not be treated "as
children, as imbeciles," by the grant of a worthless
privilege. They "deprecate all negotiation—all compromise
on the subject;" and declare that "the only
security for the Colonies is the entire abandonment of
the present negotiations." They most earnestly entreat
her Majesty, "that the existing fishery-restrictions may
be preserved in their letter, and that her Majesty's
power may be put forth to prevent their violation."

The accounts from the Ionian Islands mention a
Mutiny in the 30th and 4st Regiments, the one
stationed at Cephalonia, and the other at Zante. The