measures against political offenders. The Vienna
Gazette intimates the condemnation of four men and
one woman for participation in alleged Kossuth-Mazzini
complots. Marcus Clerus Gasparich is sentenced to
death (he was hanged at Presburg on the 2nd instant);
Andreas Roth, to fifteen years' fortress labour in heavy
irons; Michael Ajer, to twelve years' fortress labour in
heavy irons; Alcis von Panher, to eight years' fortress
imprisonment in irons. The woman, Rosalia Magoosley,
is sister to Alcis von Panher. Her crime is that of being,
or being called, a red republican, and of having neglected
to tell the police of political movements that had come
to her knowledge. Her sentence is eight years'
imprisonment in a fortress, but "on account of her chronic
sickness," this is graciously commuted to five years'
imprisonment.

In the Roman States serious disturbances have arisen
from the scarcity of crops and consequent high price of
bread. At Tolentino, in La Marca, the Austrian
commandant adopted a somewhat unusual mode of
satisfying the hunger of the people, by giving them blows
instead of bread. After a great deal of clamour in the
market-place, the hungry crowds were delighted to
behold the Austrians advance on the Piazza, escorting
several carts, which they never doubted were full of
loaves. To their dismay, however, they perceived that
the vehicles were merely freighted with the benches
and other apparatus generally used by the Austrians
in their periodical administrations of the bastinado;
and the nearest and noisiest of the multitude were
seized by the imperial soldiers, and subjected to a few
dozen blows, which had the instant effect of dissipating
the demonstrations of discontent. In other districts
public discontent has been more ferociously displayed.
At Terni the gonfaloniere, or principal municipal
dignitary has been stabbed to death. At Ravenna the
delegate, Monsignor Rossi, has been threatened and
fired at, and so much alarmed that he has written to
the Cardinal Secretary of State, requesting immediate
leave of absence. At Rome the inhabitants of the
Trastevere quarter have been expressing their indignation
in their usual manner; a retail breadseller having
fallen victim to their knives in a dispute about the
relative size and price of his loaves.

Numerous arrests have been made at Rome. Rumours
were circulated that there would be a demonstration on
the 15th August; and on the evening of that day the
police made many visits in suspected dwellings. Some
traitor had revealed the pass-word; and the officers
arrested Petroni, an advocate, together with a mass of
correspondence; many tradesmen, and one or two
officers. In the Poli Palace, partly occupied by a
Signor Lepri, the secret printing-press was seized. Lepri
escaped. Many revelations are expected from this
series of arrests.

The Protestants of Geneva, alarmed by the open
hostilities and insidious advances of the Roman Catholic
priesthood in this ancient citadel of the Reformation,
have formed a society for the furtherance of the
interests of the Protestant Church. In a long address, they
point to the advances of Popery in England, Holland,
and France, and the destruction of religious liberty in
Tuscany, as evidences of the necessity of a counteracting
movement.

A Scotch lady, Miss Cunninghame, has been
committed to prison in Tuscany for having distributed
Protestant tracts. She first did so at Lugliano, a village
near Lucca. The peasantry were offended, and pelted
her with stones. Although thus warned, and more
mildly by her friends, she repeated the distribution next
day, at the village of Benabbio. She was arrested by
the police, and is now in prison at Lucca, under a charge
of endeavouring to seduce the people from their faith.
The punishment for such an offence is five or ten years'
imprisonment, with hard labour. The Grand Duke has
been petitioned in the ease, but he declines to interfere.

Thebes, in Greece, has been almost destroyed by an
earthquake. Eleven persons have lost their lives, and
eighteen have been taken from the ruins badly wounded.
The town was composed partly of new houses solidly
built, and partly of old ones constructed of wood and
bricks. The first have been entirely destroyed, and had
not the inhabitants hurried away, they would have been
buried in the ruins; and the second class of houses are
so much injured as to be uninhabitable. The whole
population are encamped in the open air. The King
and Queen when informed of this sad event, sent 500
drachmas and a quantity of military tents to the
inhabitants. Not only Thebes, but also the neighbouring
villages as far as Platea, have so much suffered that
there are seventeen of them which are quite uninhabitable.
The town of Chalcis has also had some houses
destroyed by this earthquake. For the last eighteen
years shocks have been frequently felt at Thebes and
Athens, and sometimes several shocks within the space
of twenty-four hours.

Extensive gold-fields have been discovered in Siberia.
In 1851, some rich spots were found near the mouth of
the river Olkema, in a district where the foot of man had
never trod. Gold-searchers then tried the river Lena,
and not less than ten rich placers were discovered on
the right bank of the river, between the spots where
its confluents, the Vitime and Olekma, fall into it.
Thousands of workmen are there at present, and
provisions for their support are brought from Irkutsk.
These provisions are sold at exceedingly high prices,
as we are told is the case at California and Australia.
Rye flour is sold at present at the rate of a silver rouble
(4f.) the poud (33lb).; wheat flour, 2 roubles the
poud; and meat, 2¼ roubles the poud."

The accounts of the Rebellion in China continue to be
important and interesting. After the capture of Amoy
by the insurgents, serious dissentions arose among the
chiefs as to the future government of the place, and
exaggerated reports of these disagreements having
reached the Imperialist Admiral, then off the coast, he
was inspired with the hope of recovering possession of
the place. Accordingly, on the 29th of May he appeared
in the harbour with a fleet of from twenty to thirty
junks. He landed 1000 men, who marched steadily
towards the citadel for two miles, when the insurgents
made a rush and drove them back to their boats, with
the loss of about twenty or thirty killed, and from
twenty-five to fifty prisoners. Next day the insurgents
began trying the prisoners with great formality. They
were exceedingly civil to the Europeans, placing chairs
for all who liked to attend. All the Tartars taken were
immediately beheaded, the insurgents making no secret
of their intention of utterly exterminating the whole
race; but the Chinese soldiers, being generally pressed
men, were usually acquitted. Chang-chow and Tang-
wang have both succumbed to the insurgents, though
not without severe loss to the latter. At Tang-wa the
inhabitants en masse, though sanctioning the ejectment
of the mandarins, have refused to allow the insurgents
to have anything to do with the government, and have
proceeded to declare themselves free and independent
burgesses, who could govern for themselves. By the
last accounts we learn that the main body of the insurgents
still remained at Nankin, Ching-kiang-foo, and on
the northern banks of the Yang-tse-kiang. They had
taken Tai-ping-foo, a city of great strength to the west-
ward of Nankin. No movement had been made north-
ward, or in the direction of Soochow and Shanghai. The
Imperial foreign fleet had returned to Woosung. Mr.
Taylor, the American missionary, had returned to
Shanghai from visiting the insurgent general Loo at
Chin-kiang-foo, who forwarded him on to Nankin on
his expressing a wish to go there. The tents of the
Imperial troops were distinctly seen from the walls of
that city. From all communications hitherto held with
the insurgents they continue to be friendly to foreigners.

The intelligence from California describes a rapidly
advancing state of prosperity. The mines are yielding
as abundantly as ever, and business of all kinds is
active. One lamentable drawback, however, is the
disorganised state of society. The papers teem with murders,